What are the three steps to responding to a spill or leaking package that isnt water amazon

Aerial view showing the oil spill at the Coca river in Puerto Maderos village, Sucumbios province, Ecuador on February 1, 2022.

An oil spill caused by a ruptured pipeline in Ecuador's Amazon region leaked almost 6,300 barrels into an environmental reserve, according to information provided Wednesday by the company that owns the conduit.

The firm OCP said it had "collected and reinjected 5,300 barrels of crude into the system" since the accident on Friday when heavy rains caused a boulder to fall on the pipeline in a mountainous region.

OCP said the recovered oil amounted to 84 percent of the total that leaked, which would mean around 6,300 barrels.

The oil was collected in large basins deployed as an emergency measure when there is a leak.

OCP president Jorge Vugdelija said in a statement that the company was using people and machines to "collect traces of crude found in the river."

He added: "We will not spare resources to comply with the cleaning, remediation and compensation."

Around 21,000 square meters of the Cayambe-Coca nature reserve has been affected by the leak.

Crude flowed into the Coca river, one of the largest in Ecuador's part of the Amazon and which serves as a water source for many riverbank communities, including indigenous ones.

"We demand to know... what will be the process of delivering water and food to the communities. It's clear that the river water cannot be used or drunk," the National Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of the Ecuadoran Amazon said on Twitter.

Construction worker Benjamin Landazuri, 57, said he had lost some chickens that drank from a stream near his house.

When he returned home from work Friday he said there was "a very strong (smell) of oil" that gave him a headache.

He took water samples to test for pollution and said he will be demanding compensation from OCP if the tests come up positive.

'Like a pressure pump'

Cayambe-Coca is 4,000 square kilometers (1,544 square miles) of mountains and rainforest in the Amazon basin sitting between 600 and 5,790 meters (1,970 to 19,000 feet) above sea level.

Recent heavy rains caused landslides and rock falls in the area of Piedra Fina, where the pipeline lies.

The 485-kilometer pipeline straddles four provinces all the way to the Pacific coast in the west, transporting 160,000 barrels of oil a day from wells in the jungle.

Oil started spilling out immediately after the pipe was hit by a massive rock.

"At the moment the tube exploded, the oil shot out, like a pressure pump," said site worker Cesar Benalcazar, 24. "We tried to stop the crude from reaching the river but the slope made it descend like a waterfall."

In 2020 a mudslide damaged pipelines in the same area, resulting in 15,000 barrels of oil polluting three Amazon basin rivers, affecting several communities.

Crude petroleum is Ecuador's biggest export product. Between January and November 2021, the country extracted 494,000 barrels per day.

The oil leak is the second to mar South American ecosystems in two weeks, after nearly 12,000 barrels of crude spilled into the sea off Peru on January 15.

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© 2022 AFP

Citation: Amazon oil spill in Ecuador was 6,300 barrels (2022, February 2) retrieved 18 October 2022 from https://phys.org/news/2022-02-amazon-oil-ecuador-barrels.html

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• Spill Response and Clean-up Procedures
• Developing a Spill Response Plan
• Recommended Spill Control Materials Inventory

Spill Response and Clean-up Procedures

In the event of a chemical spill, the individual(s) who caused the spill is responsible for prompt and proper clean-up. It is also their responsibility to have spill control and personal protective equipment appropriate for the chemicals being handled readily available. See Developing a Spill Response Plan for more information.

All spill kits come with a Chemical Spill Response Protocol visual guide. Click on the image below to view the guide, or download as a PDF here. 

The following are general guidelines to be followed for a chemical spill. More detailed procedures may be available in your Departmental Chemical Hygiene Plan or Spill Response Plan.

Emergency Actions

• Immediately alert area occupants and supervisor, and evacuate the area, if necessary.
• If there is a fire or medical attention is needed, contact Public Safety at 609-258-3333.
• Attend to any people who may be contaminated. Contaminated clothing must be removed immediately and the skin flushed with water for no less than fifteen minutes. Clothing must be laundered before reuse. See First Aid for Chemical Exposures for more information.
• If a volatile, flammable material is spilled, immediately warn everyone, control sources of ignition and ventilate the area.

Immediate Spill Response

• Don personal protective equipment, as appropriate to the hazards. Refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet or other references for information.
• Consider the need for respiratory protection. The use of a respirator or self-contained breathing apparatus requires specialized training and medical surveillance. Never enter a contaminated atmosphere without protection or use a respirator without training. If respiratory protection is needed and no trained personnel are available, call EHS at x8-5294 or Public Safety at 911. If respiratory protection is used, be sure there is another person outside the spill area in communication, in case of an emergency. If no one is available, contact Public Safety.
• Using the chart below, determine the extent and type of spill. If the spill is large, if there has been a release to the environment or if there is no one knowledgeable about spill clean-up available, contact EHS at 609-258-5294 from 8:30am-4:30pm. Outside those hours, contact Public Safety at 609-258-3333 and ask for EHS assistance.

Category	Size	Response	Treatment Materials
Small	up to 300mL	chemical treatment or absorption	neutralization or absorption spill kit
Medium	300mL to 5L	absorption	absorption spill kit
Large	more than 5L	call Public Safety (609-258-3333)	outside help

• Protect floor drains or other means for environmental release. Spill socks and absorbents may be placed around drains, as needed.
• Contain and clean-up the spill according to the table above. 
  Loose spill control materials should be distributed over the entire spill area, working from the outside, circling to the inside. This reduces the chance of splash or spread of the spilled chemical. Bulk absorbents and many spill pillows do not work with hydrofluoric acid. POWERSORB® (by 3M) products and their equivalent will handle hydrofluoric acid. Specialized hydrofluoric acid kits also are available for purchase from lab safety suppliers. Many neutralizers for acids or bases have a color change indicator to show when the spill is neutralized.
• When spilled materials have been absorbed, use brush and scoop to place materials in an appropriate container. Polyethylene bags may be used for small spills. Five gallon pails or 20 gallon drums with polyethylene liners may be appropriate for larger quantities.
• Complete a hazardous waste sticker, identifying the material as Spill Debris involving XYZ Chemical, and affix onto the container. Spill control materials will probably need to be disposed of as hazardous waste. Contact EHS at 258-5294 for advice on storage and packaging for disposal.
• Decontaminate the surface where the spill occurred using a mild detergent and water, when appropriate.
• Report all spills to your supervisor or the Principal Investigator.

Developing a Spill Response Plan (top)

An effective spill response procedure should consider all of the items listed below. The complexity and detail of the plan will, of course depend upon the physical characteristics and volume of materials being handled, their potential toxicity, and the potential for releases to the environment.

• Review Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) or other references for recommended spill cleanup methods and materials, and the need for personal protective equipment (e.g., respirator*, gloves, protective clothing, etc.)
• Acquire sufficient quantities and types of appropriate spill control materials to contain any spills that can be reasonably anticipated. The need for equipment to disperse, collect and contain spill control materials (e.g., brushes, scoops, sealable containers, etc.) should also be reviewed. See Recommended Spill Control Materials Inventory for more details. EHS maintains EHS chemical spill control kits that can be used if no other materials are available. After use, please call EHS at 258-5294 to restock.
• Acquire recommended personal protective equipment and training in its proper use. *For example, if an air purifying respirator or self-contained breathing apparatus are needed, personnel must be enrolled in the Respiratory Protection Program and attend annual training and fit-testing. 
• Place spill control materials and protective equipment in a readily accessible location within or immediately adjacent to the laboratory.
• Develop a spill response plan that includes:
  • Names and telephone numbers of individuals to be contacted in the event of a spill.
  • Evacuation plans for the room or building, as appropriate.
  • Instructions for containing the spilled material, including potential releases to the environment (e.g., protect floor drains).
  • Inventory of spill control materials and personal protective equipment.
  • Means for proper disposal of cleanup materials (in most cases, as hazardous waste) including contaminated tools and clothing.
  • Decontamination of the area following the cleanup.
• Discuss the spill response plans with all employees in the area. EHS offers training for employees who work directly with chemicals (see Chemical Spills and Waste Procedures) and who are expected to respond outside their work area to assist with spill cleanup (see Chemical Emergency Response (HAZWOPER) First Responder - Operations Level Training). Contact Steve Elwood at 258-6271to schedule a session for your area.

Recommended Spill Control Material Inventory (top)

Spill kits are located in major hallways, stairwells and near elevators. Note: For spills greater than 4 liters, call Public Safety at 609-258-3333.

Chemical Spill Kits

Each Chemical Spill Kit contains one Toolbox/ PPE Spill Kit and two Universal Spill Absorbent Kits. 

Part 1: Toolbox/ PPE Spill Kit

Toolbox

• 1 Pen, 1 Marker, 3 Twist Ties, and 4 Hazardous Waste Labels
• 3 Waste Bags
• 1 Dustpan Set
• Length of “Caution- Chemical Spill” Tape
• 1 Spill Instructions

PPE
Hot Zone Bag

• 4 Pairs L Disposable Nitrile Gloves and 2 Pairs of Tyvek Shoe Covers
• 1 XL Disposable Apron with Sleeves and 1 Pair of Chemical Splash Goggles

Warm Zone Bag

• 4 Pairs L Disposable Nitrile Gloves and 2 Pairs of Tyvek Shoe Covers
• 1 XL Disposable Apron without Sleeves and 1 Pair of Safety Glasses

 
Part 2: Universal Spill Absorbent Kit

• 1 3 in. x 10 ft. Absorbent Sock
• 10 Universal Spill Pads
• 7 lbs. Absorbent (absorbs 2 L of water) 

Food Oil Spill Kits

• 1 Pair PVC Glove with Gauntlet (M)
• 1 pair PVC Glove with Gauntlet (XL)
• 1 x 12” Dustpan and Brush Set
• 3 x Hazardous Materials Bag (4mil thickness)
• 10 x Oil Only Absorbent Pad (18” x 16”)
• 2 x Oil Absorbent Pillow (10 gallon capacity)
• 1 x Xsorb Premium Granules Absorbent (30 lb. bag)
• 2 x 10 ft. Universal Absorbent Sock (3” diameter)

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