What is the technique called where by a computer is used to present the instructional material?
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Pearson Drive Right, Student Edition11th EditionElizabeth A. Weaver, Frederik R. Mottola, Owen Crabb, Randall R. Thiel 899 solutions
Digital Electronics9th EditionWilliam Kleitz 440 solutions  Introduction to Logic Design3rd EditionAlan B. Marcovitz 414 solutions Introduction to Logic Design3rd EditionAlan B. Marcovitz 414 solutions COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTIONS (CAI) MEANING Computer has contributed a lot in each and every sector of life. Computer assisted instruction (CAI) has emerged as an effective and efficient media of instruction in the advanced countries of the world. In fact, CAI is being used in formal and non-formal education at all the levels. In India too, computer has been introduced in most of the areas such as data processing, decision making. It has also impact on the working methods of research and development in the fields of science and technology. The computers are being used in the almost all areas of life such as transportation, communication, national defense, scientific research and education. FOCUS OF CAI The main objective of programmed instructions is to provide individualized instruction just to fulfill the special needs of the individual pupil. In order to achieve this objective, some efficient device is required. This device should be flexible and it can store huge amounts of organized information. The device may help a person to use some selected part of the stored information. A computer fulfils all these requirements. It can store the organized information; it can process the information suiting to the needs of the individual learner. In short, CAI covers the entire educational system by proving itself a useful tool in teaching various subjects PRINCIPLE This strategy is based on the principle of machine on one hand and principles of programmed instruction on the other. PURPOSE The main purpose of CAI programme is to provide individual instruction to students according to their abilities and interests. STRUCTURE Both linear and branching types of instructional programmes are used in CAI. Students are directly connected with the computer via instructional material. The responses of the students are also recorded by the computer. On the basis of the responses; the computer takes decision as to which information is to be made available to the learner next. If learner’s answer is correct, computer gives him feedback as well. STEPS INVOLVED IN CAI a. Pre-tutorial phase: The main purpose of the phase is that the student must achieve the objectives by using a specific type of instruction. Here the objectives of instruction are first determined and then instructional programme is prepared and fed in the computer. b.Tutorial phase: Its main focus is to select a proper instruction and present before the learner. It will control the learner’s responses also. The learner may select one or more than one instructions at a time. ORIGIN The first commercial computer was operative in 1951 in Census Bureau. First CAI attempt was made around 1961 when the University of Illinoisis produced Programmed Logic for Automatic Teaching Operation (PLATO). Hence the use of computer in general education started from early sixties. VARIOUS INSTRUCTIONAL MODES In the field of instructions a computer plays a major role. in these computer assisted instructions, it interacts directly with the learners while presenting the lessons. There are various instructional modes which can be facilitated by computer assisted instructions (CAI). 1. Tutorial Mode In tutorial, information is presented in small units followed by a question. the pupils response is analysed by the computer and appropriate feedback is given. a network of branches or pathways can be programmed to teach. The pupils are allowed to work on their own pace. 2. Drill or Practice In this mode, the program leads the learner through a series of examples to develop dexterity and fluency using the skill. All correct responses are reinforced. 3. Discovery Mode Here, inductive approach is followed. The problems are presented and the pupils solve those problems through trail and error. It is just like laboratory learning. It aims at the deeper understanding of the results obtained from discovery. 4. Gaming Mode This mode may or may not be instructional, but it is recreational. Sometimes learning takes place through games. This mode is especially meant for young children. 5. Simulation Mode Here the pupil faces scaled down approximation of real life situations. Hence, realistic practice takes place without involving any risk. 6. Problem Solving Mode Problem solving can be readily achieved provided the typical computational capability of the computer is available and there is a typewriter and display response device with remote control of two way communication. The students need to know how to communicate with computer and low to solve his problem. 7. Inquiry Mode Inquiry is mode of third type of CAI application. In this CAI system responds to student’s inquiry with answers it has stored. In this mode instructional staff must learn how the system operates. 8. Author Mode CAI is used to support instruction by generating sets of materials for a student’s use. In generating concept learning materials, these might be sentence forms which blanks in them each of which is to be filled by a word or a set of word, i.e., inserted into the blanks by computer according to the sets of instructions. 9. Logo This system was developed by Feurzeing and Papart at MIT. Logo is a simple programming language which can be taught to children. This programme provides instructions which can be used to produce pictures on screen. The children, who learn LOGO, make up their own programmes to draw flowers or faces or generate designs on the screen. ROLE OF TEACHER IN CAI CAI directly interacts with the students individually and with the teacher. Teachers are to play their role in CAI. Human teachers cannot be eliminated from teaching- learning process. We can highlight the role of a teacher in CAI in the following manner. Use of New tools CAI provides the teacher some chance to use new tools. This use will enhance the person’s satisfaction. Also it will increase the individual’s efficiency. It can produce elaborate graphs and drawings. Compatible with line teaching CAI is compatible with line teaching. The teacher can devote his time for more creative activities. EXPERTS NEEDED IN CAI Computer aided instructions need the help of the following experts:
USES OF CAI
LIMITATIONS OF CAI
CAI PDF : Computer Assisted Instructions – pdf What are computer based instructional materials?Computer aided instructional Material (CAIM) is totally an individualized instructional material. CAIM provides a lot of flexibility to the students. The student can take his own time to learn. The student can choose content, sequence and the difficulty level of the instruction that they requires.
What is computerComputer-assisted instruction (CAI) is a narrower term and most often refers to drill- and-practice, tutorial, or simulation activities offered either by themselves or as supplements to traditional, teacherdirected instruction.
What is computerComputer-assisted presentations have a powerful potential to aid in the conveyance of information within a professional setting. However, if not well planned and used effectively, the technology can actually become a distraction from the overall message and the content of the presentation.
What do you mean by computer based instruction?Computer-based instruction is an instructional paradigm, which uses computer technology to deliver training or educational materials to users. Training video discs or CD-ROMs used in business training are some of the most common types of CBI.
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