What is the probability of choosing a vowel from the word elephant?

Syllables have nothing to do with spelling or hyphenation (as noted in sumelic's answer). They're a unit of speech.

Also, syllabification is one of the most controversial topics in phonology.

A syllable is a unit of speech consisting of a vowel, a diphthong or a syllabic consonant with or without surrounding consonants.

I have explained syllabification in this answer to another similar question.

So how to divide words like elephant or experience into syllables?

This can be determined by Maximum Onset Principle (MOP). This principle states that intervocalic (between vowels) consonants are syllabified as the onset of the following syllable as long as the phonotactic constraints of the language allow it.

So elephant /ˈeləfənt/ can be syllabified as:

The /l/ is intervocalic, meaning it should become the onset of the following syllable, so that the first vowel can be a syllable on it's own. Also, we know that /l/ can occur syllable-initially (as in law, light, low etc) so it can become the onset of the next syllable.

In the same vein, the /f/ becomes the onset of the syllable next to the second one (again, we know that /f/ can occur syllable-initially as in fan, fire, fit etc., so it conforms to the Phonotactic constraints).

Now absentee /ˈæbsəntiː/,

Although the /-bs-/ is intervocalic, it's not syllabified as the onset of the next syllable since English cannot have an onset like /bs-/. So the /b/ becomes the coda of the first syllable instead

So it should be syllabified as:

Now we're left with [..ntiː], if we regard the */nt-/ as the onset of the next syllable, then it breaks the phonotactics of English, because English words can't start with */nt-/. So we make the /n/ the coda of the preceding syllable /sə/ and t as the onset of the next syllable:

Last syllable is /tiː/ because according to MOP, the /t/ should be an onset of the next syllable:

Now experience /ekˈspɪə.ri.jəns/. Note that the letter ⟨x⟩ represents the cluster /-ks-/ in this instance. Now we should syllabify it in such a way that it conforms to the Phonotactics of English. It's more complicated than you might expect.

We know that English words can't start with /ks-/, so /ks/ in experience can't be the onset of the second syllable. Therefore we break the /k/ and /s/; the /k/ becomes the coda of the first syllable and the /s/ becomes the onset of the second. After the /-ks-/, we have /p/ and we know that /sp-/ can be an onset in English (as in spy, spoon, spin etc), so the /sp/ becomes the onset of the second syllable:

After that, we have /r/ and according to MOP, it should become the onset of the next syllable:

Now we have another vowel /ə/ after the front vowel /i/ and we know that when a front vowel is followed by another vowel, there's usually a palatal glide /j/ between both the words. The same goes for the last two syllables of experience i.e. there's a glide in between both the syllables (/-rijəns/) which can act as an onset of the last syllable:

Microsoft and Sony are both battling behind the scenes over the Activision Blizzard deal, and Microsoft is no longer pulling its punches with regulators

By Tom Warren / @tomwarren

Oct 12, 2022, 6:23 PM UTC|

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Illustration by Alex Castro / The Verge

Microsoft isn’t happy with Sony and the UK’s Competition and Markets Authority. The UK regulator signaled an in-depth review of Microsoft’s $68.7 billion deal to acquire Activision Blizzard last month, and the CMA has now published its full 76-page report (PDF) on its findings. The CMA says it has concerns that Microsoft’s Activision Blizzard deal could lessen competition in game consoles, subscriptions, and cloud gaming, but Microsoft thinks the regulator has simply been listening to Sony’s lawyers too much.

Microsoft pleaded for its deal on the day of the Phase 2 decision last month, but now the gloves are well and truly off. Microsoft describes the CMA’s concerns as “misplaced” and says that the regulator “adopts Sony’s complaints without considering the potential harm to consumers” and “incorrectly relies on self-serving statements by Sony which significantly exaggerate the importance of Call of Duty.” Microsoft even accuses the CMA of adopting “Sony’s complaints without the appropriate level of critical review,” suggesting that the regulator is simply just listening too much to what Sony has to say.

At the heart of all the back and forth is access to Call of Duty and concerns around the future of game subscriptions. “The CMA recognizes that ABK’s newest games are not currently available on any subscription service on the day of release but considers that this may change as subscription services continue to grow,” says the UK regulator. “After the Merger, Microsoft would gain control of this important input and could use it to harm the competitiveness of its rivals.”

Microsoft’s full response to the CMA, seen by The Verge, also includes parts where the company tries to, comically, make it look like it somehow sucks at gaming and it can’t compete. Microsoft says Xbox “is in last place in console” and “seventh place in PC” and “nowhere in mobile game distribution globally,” and Microsoft argues it has no reason to harm or degrade rival cloud gaming services as it wants to “encourage the major shift in consumer behavior required for cloud gaming to succeed.”

Microsoft might well be in last place in console sales during the previous generation, but it’s certainly investing billions of dollars to ensure any future Xbox sales aren’t less than half of the PlayStation and that its Xbox Game Pass bet pays off.

Sony and Microsoft have also been battling it out over Call of Duty, and the CMA recognizes this by revealing it’s concerned about Sony’s future revenues related to Call of Duty. “PlayStation currently has a larger share of the console gaming market than Xbox, but the CMA considers that Call of Duty is sufficiently important that losing access to it (or losing access on competitive terms) could significantly impact Sony’s revenues and user base.”

Call of Duty is at the center of Sony and Microsoft’s battles.Image: Activision

Sony has shown how significant Call of Duty is after it labeled Microsoft’s offer to keep Call of Duty on PlayStation “inadequate on many levels.” The Verge revealed last month that Microsoft Gaming CEO and Xbox chief Phil Spencer made a written commitment to PlayStation head Jim Ryan earlier this year to keep Call of Duty on PlayStation for “several more years” beyond the existing marketing deal Sony has with Activision. “After almost 20 years of Call of Duty on PlayStation, their proposal was inadequate on many levels and failed to take account of the impact on our gamers,” said PlayStation head Jim Ryan in response.

Now Microsoft says keeping Call of Duty on PlayStation is a “commercial imperative for the Xbox business and the economics of the transaction.” Microsoft says it would put revenue at risk if it pulled Call of Duty from PlayStation and that “Microsoft has been clear that it is counting on revenues from the distribution of Activision Blizzard games on Sony PlayStation.”

Microsoft also accuses Sony of not welcoming competition from Xbox Game Pass and that Sony has decided to block Game Pass on PlayStation. “This increased competition has not been welcomed by the market leader Sony, which has elected to protect its revenues from sales of newly released games, rather than offer gamers the choice of accessing them via its subscription, PlayStation Plus.” This comes just months after Microsoft claimed, in legal filings, that Sony pays for “blocking rights” to keep games off Xbox Game Pass.

If the UK battles are anything to go by, this acquisition could get messy as Microsoft and Sony battle it out behind the scenes to sway regulators. Microsoft even has a dedicated website to highlight its arguments as it seeks to convince regulators that its giant deal isn’t a bad one for gamers. We’re still months away from final regulator decisions, but get ready for this battle to continue to spill out onto the internet’s streets.

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