Identify to indicate whether each procedure is a preventive or detective control

Below are several statements about internal controls.
1. The components of internal control are built on the foundation of the ethical tone set by top management.
2. Once every three months, managers need to review operations to ensure that control procedures work effectively.
3. Collusion refers to the act of a single individual circumventing internal control procedures.
4. Detective control procedures are designed to detect errors or fraud that have already occurred, while preventive control procedures are designed to keep errors or fraud from occurring in the first place.
5. Fraud committed by top-level employees is more difficult to detect because those employees more often have the ability to override internal control features.
6. A good example of separation of duties would be having one person collect cash from customers and account for it, while having another person order inventory and maintain control over it.
7. Employee tips historically have been the most common means of detecting employee fraud.
8. Detective controls include reconciling the physical assets of the company with the accounting records and comparing actual performance of individuals or processes against their expected performance.
9. Effective internal controls and ethical employees ensure a company’s success.

Required:
State whether the answer to each of the statements is true or false.

Identify to indicate whether each procedure is a preventive or detective control

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What is the difference between a preventive control and a detective control?

Preventive controls are proactive in that they attempt to deter or prevent undesirable events from occurring. Detective controls provide evidence that an error or irregularity has occurred.

What is an example of a detective control?

Account reviews and reconciliations, observations of payroll distribution, periodic physical inventory counts, passwords, transaction edits and internal auditors are all examples of detective controls.

Which item is considered a detective control?

Some examples of detective controls are internal audits, reconciliations, financial reporting, financial statements, and physical inventories.

Is monitoring a preventive or detective control?

Detective controls, or monitoring after the fact, can take some of the burden off of the preventative controls, and allows businesses to catch some of the non-compliant spending that can fall through the cracks.