How employees are grouped together to perform the work of the organization is called?
7 types of organizational structures (+ org charts for implementation)Reading time: about 7 min Show
Posted by: Shannon Williams
At some point, you have likely seen an organizational chart for your company. And we can probably guess what it looked like. The typical org chart looks like a pyramid, your C-level executives at the top with lines stretching down to middle management and finally staff-level employees. But not every company functions best with a hierarchical organizational structure. Many types of organizational charts exist because many types of organizational structures exist. Let’s go through the seven common types of org structures and reasons why you might consider each of them. 1. Hierarchical org structureHierarchical org chart example (click on image to modify online)The pyramid-shaped organizational chart we referred to earlier is known as a hierarchical org chart. It’s the most common type of organizational structure—the chain of command goes from the top (e.g., the CEO or manager) down (e.g., entry-level and low-level employees), and each employee has a supervisor. Pros
Cons
2. Functional org structureFunctional org chart example (click on image to modify online)Similar to a hierarchical organizational structure, a functional org structure starts with positions with the highest levels of responsibility at the top and goes down from there. Primarily, though, employees are organized according to their specific skills and their corresponding function in the company. Each separate department is managed independently. Pros
Cons
3. Horizontal or flat org structureHorizontal or flat org chart example (click on image to modify online)A horizontal or flat organizational structure fits companies with few levels between upper management and staff-level employees. Many start-up businesses use a horizontal org structure before they grow large enough to build out different departments, but some organizations maintain this structure since it encourages less supervision and more involvement from all employees. Pros
Cons
4. Divisional org structureIn divisional organizational structures, a company’s divisions have control over their own resources, essentially operating like their own company within the larger organization. Each division can have its own marketing team, sales team, IT team, etc. This structure works well for large companies as it empowers the various divisions to make decisions without everyone having to report to just a few executives. Depending on your organization’s focus, there are a few variations to consider. Market-based divisional org structureDivisions are separated by market, industry, or customer type. A large consumer goods company, like Target or Walmart, might separate its durable goods (clothing, electronics, furniture, etc.) from its food or logistics divisions. Product-based divisional org structureDivisions are separated by product line. For example, a tech company might have a division dedicated to its cloud offerings, while the rest of the divisions focus on the different software offerings—e.g., Adobe and its creative suite of Illustrator, Photoshop, InDesign, etc. Geographical divisional org chart example (Click on image to modify online)Geographic divisional org structureDivisions are separated by region, territories, or districts, offering more effective localization and logistics. Companies might establish satellite offices across the country or the globe in order to stay close to their customers. Matrix org chart example (click on image to modify online)
Pros
Cons
5. Matrix org structureA matrix organizational chart looks like a grid, and it shows cross-functional teams that form for special projects. For example, an engineer may regularly belong to the engineering department (led by an engineering director) but work on a temporary project (led by a project manager). The matrix org chart accounts for both of these roles and reporting relationships. Pros
Cons
6. Team-based org structureTeam-based org chart example (click on image to modify online)It’ll come as no surprise that a team-based organizational structure groups employees according to (what else?) teams—think Scrum teams or tiger teams. A team organizational structure is meant to disrupt the traditional hierarchy, focusing more on problem-solving, cooperation, and giving employees more control. Pros
Cons
See why forming tiger teams is a smart move for your organization. Learn more 7. Network org structureNetwork org structure example (click on image to modify online)These days, few businesses have all their services under one roof, and juggling the multitudes of vendors, subcontractors, freelancers, offsite locations, and satellite offices can get confusing. A network organizational structure makes sense of the spread of resources. It can also describe an internal structure that focuses more on open communication and relationships rather than hierarchy. Pros
Cons
Consider the needs of your organization, including the company culture that you want to develop, and choose one of these organizational structures. Once you've chosen the right org structure to pursue, learn the steps in the company reorganization process. Read more How are employees grouped in an organizational structure?Functional Structure
Under this structure, employees are grouped into the same departments based on similarity in their skill sets, tasks, and accountabilities. This allows for effective communications between people within a department and thus leads to an efficient decision-making process.
When common tasks are grouped together it is called?Departmentalization (or departmentalisation) refers to the process of grouping activities into departments. Division of labour creates specialists who need coordination.
Is how jobs are grouped together in an organization?Departmentalization. Once jobs are divided up through work specialization, those jobs need to be combined together to coordinate common tasks. Departmentalization is the basis by which jobs are grouped together.
What are the 4 types of organizational structure?The four types of organizational structures are functional, multi-divisional, flat, and matrix structures. Others include circular, team-based, and network structures.
|