Which of the following is used in the Bayley Scales of Infant Development quizlet?
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Recommended textbook solutions Myers' Psychology for AP2nd EditionDavid G Myers 900 solutions Social Psychology10th EditionElliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson 525 solutions Social Psychology10th EditionElliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Timothy D. Wilson 525 solutions Essentials of Understanding Psychology14th EditionRobert S Feldman 329 solutions Recommended textbook solutions
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Finally, an item testing practical ability described common problems facing teenagers (e.g., a friend seems to have a substance-abuse problem) and students had to select the best solution. In Brazil, many elementary-school-age boys , sell candy and fruit to bus passengers and pedestrians. These children often cannot identify the numbers on paper money, yet they know how to purchase their goods from whole-sale stores, make change for customers, and keep track of their sales. Adolescents who live on Pacific Ocean islands near New Guinea learn to sail boats, like the one in the bottom photo, hundreds of miles across open seas to get from one small island to the next. They have no formal training in mathematics, yet they use a complex navigational system based on the positions of stars and estimates of the boat's speed. If either the Brazilian vendors or the island navigators were given the tests that measure intelligence in Canadian students, they would fare poorly. Does this mean they are less intelligent than Canadian children? Of course not. The specific skills and goals that are important to North American conceptions of successful intelligence, and that are assessed on many intelligence tests, are less valued in these other cultures and so are not cultivated in the young. And, by the same token, most bright Canadian children would be lost trying to navigate a boat in the open sea. Each culture defines what it means to be intelligent, and the specialized computing skills of vendors and navigators are just as intelligent in their cultural settings as verbal skills are in North American culture The Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Designed for 1- to 42-month-olds, the Bayley Scales consist of 5 scales: cognitive, language, motor, social-emotional, and adaptive behaviour. To illustrate, the motor scale assesses an infant's control of its body, its coordination, and its ability to manipulate objects. For example, 6-month-olds should turn their head toward an object that the examiner drops on the floor, 12-month-olds should imitate the examiner's actions, and 16-month-olds should build a tower from 3 blocks. IQ scores are quite powerful predictors of developmental outcomes. Of course, since IQ tests were devised to predict school success, it is not surprising that they do this quite well. IQ scores predict school grades, scores on achievement tests, and number of years of education; the correlations are usually between .5 and .7. Not only do intelligence scores predict success in school, they predict occupational success also. Individuals with higher IQ scores are more likely to hold high-paying, high-prestige positions within medicine, law, and engineering. Some of the link between IQ and occupational success occurs because these professions require more education, and we've already seen that IQ scores predict educational success. But even within a profession—where all individuals have the same amount of education—IQ scores predict job performance and earnings, particularly for more complex jobs. Scores on the WISC-III increased by nearly 10 points over a 25-year period. Heredity cannot account for such a rapid increase over a few decades (a mere fraction of a second in genetic time), consequently, the rise must reflect the impact of some aspect of the environment. The change might reflect smaller, better-educated families with more leisure time. Or it might be due to movies, television, and, more recently, computers and the Internet, providing children with an incredible wealth of virtual experience. Yet another possibility is suggested by the fact that improvements in IQ scores are particularly striking at the lower end of the distribution: Fewer children are receiving very low IQ scores, which may show the benefits of improved healthcare, nutrition, and education for children who had limited access to these resources in previous generations It is based on the American example and was started in 1995. An expansion in 1998 led to the Aboriginal Head Start on Reserve (AHSOR) program, which supports First Nations children from birth to six years of age, and their families, who live on-reserve. As Stairs et al. (2002) note, the AHS used the basic concepts of the American Head Start program, but adapted the idea to focus on the goals and cultures of Aboriginal Canadians. The main purpose of AHS/AHSOR is to foster education along with "positive Aboriginal self- identity and empowerment" In an AHS program, the need for support of the family and community, as well as the child, is recognized as important for academic success. The AHS program aims to foster "Aboriginal solutions for Aboriginal children". Local needs and goals are considered, with involvement of parents, community groups and local leaders (Health Canada, 2010, 2011b). The more holistic approach to learning taken by Aboriginal cultures is also included and has positive benefits for literacy Familiar one-syllable words (e.g., "bone," "boat") were presented on audiotape and children were asked to say what they were. What made the task difficult for children is that only a portion of the word was presented at a time, beginning with just the initial consonant and a small portion of the vowel. If children could not recognize the word on this initial presentation (most couldn't), the word was repeated with a bit more of the vowel presented. This process was repeated, adding more of the vowel and, later, the final consonant, until the child recognized the word. (All of this was possible because the experimenters recorded an adult saying each of the words, then used specially designed software to edit each word so that a precise amount of vowel was presented). Words ending in stop consonants were easiest for both groups of readers—they recognized these words based on hearing just less than half of the word. Words ending in lateral and nasal consonants were harder—children needed to hear more of the word to recognize it—and particularly those children with reading disability. For words that end with lateral nasal consonants, children with reading disabilities needed to hear more of a word to recognize it. This could reflect the subtle differences in the phonological representations of the simple words in long-term memory of children with reading disability. Because phonological representations are less precise for these children, they must hear more of a word to be able to recognize it definitely. Which of the following is used in the Bayley scale of infant development?The Bayley-III assesses infant and toddler development across five domains: Cognitive, Language (Receptive & Expressive), Motor (Gross & Fine), Social-Emotional and Adaptive. Assessment of the former three scales is conducted using items administered to the child.
What four categories of infant behavior are assessed in the current version of Gesell's infant assessment?Gesell Developmental Observation - Revised
It uses direct observation to evaluate a child's cognitive, language, motor and social-emotional responses.
In which of the following substages of the sensorimotor stage does an infant begin to show intentional goal directed behavior?Coordination of Reactions (8-12 months)
During this substage, the child starts to show clearly intentional actions. The child may also combine schemas in order to achieve a desired effect. Children begin exploring the environment around them and will often imitate the observed behavior of others.
Which of the following is an example of a tertiary circular reaction quizlet?Which of the following is an example of a tertiary circular reaction? After many tries, Megan turns her toy sideways so she can pull it into her crib. Now, whenever she wants the toy, she turns it sideways to pull it through.
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